Azrán Grammar

Azrán Language Navigation: Home, Phonology, Grammar, Vocabulary, Dialogue

Azrán is an agglutinative language, with some fusional features.

Nouns

Starting from contemporary Spanish, the two genders evolved into four classes, with masculine and feminine each splitting based on whether the noun typically occurred with a definite or indefinite article. The terms "masculine" and "feminine" became less relevant, the masculine and feminine articles merging into prefixes that fused with *de to create four forms for each noun: nominative singular, nominative plural, genitive singular, and genitive plural. Whether the noun attached to definite or indefinite articles gave different meanings to noun roots, which meant one root could have multiple meanings based on different old gender-definiteness combinations. Noun declension also came to differ based on the intial consonant or vowel of the root. The four noun classes decline as follows:

Class I

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lígh "son"	zígh "sons"
Genitive	ghígh "of the son"	ghozígh "of the sons"

Class II

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	uzób "snack"	nozób "snacks"
Genitive	juzób "of the snack"	junozób "of the snacks"

Class III

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lô "water"	zô "waters"
Genitive	ghô "of the water"	ghazô "of the waters"

Class IV

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	nagóz "thing"	nakóz "things"
Genitive	junagóz "of the thing"	junakóz "of the things"

Verbs

The verb system underwent significant changes, introducing four aspects/modes: imperfect, perfect, prospective, and imperative. Each verb kept three forms: infinitive, present participle, and past participle, altering their form and placement in relation the subject and object based on the aspect/mode. The verb classes were streamlined to two: -á vs. -é. A distinction in exponence for some aspects/modes for transitive vs. intransitive as well as active vs. passive verbs emerged. Examples using one verb showcased the variation in first and third person singular active forms across the different aspects/modes. The aspect/mode is conveyed through a combination of the verb form and the agreement exponence. Examples of conjugated forms of a verb meaning "rise" illustrate this:

Active		Singular
		First Person	Translation	Third Person	Translation
Imperfect		tízenyén	I am rising, I rise	tázenyén	she/he/it is rising, she/he/it rises
Perfect		êzenéw	I have risen, I rose	âzenéw	she/he/it has risen, she/he/it rose
Prospective		bêzené	I will rise, I am going to rise	bâzené	she/he/it will rise, she/he/it is going to rise
Imperative	Said to one person	ámezené	let me rise	álezené	rise, let him/her/it rise
	Said to more than one person	âmezené		âgezené