Appendix:Veda pronunciation

Veda Language Navigation: Home, Phonology, Grammar, Vocabulary, Orthography, Dialogue

The Veda language has 26 consonants, 6 vowels, and 2 glides.

Standard Romanization

Letter	IPA	English example	Notes
a	a	father
b	b	bog
ch	tʃ	chop
d	d	dog
e	e	bait
ǝ	ǝ	sofa
f	f	food
g	g	good
gh	ɣ~ʁ	-	Like Arabic gh in maghrab.
i	i	beet
j	dʒ	jet
k	k	skill
kh	x~χ	-	Like German ch in Buch.
l	l	left
m	m	man
n	n	no
ng	ŋ	sing	Can occur word-initially.
ny	ɲ	New York (certain pronunciations)	Like Spanish ñ.
o	o	coat
p	p	span
q	q	-	Like a [k] but further back in the mouth.
r	ɾ	battle
s	s	see
sh	ʃ	sheep
t	t	stop
u	u	rude
v	v	voice
w	w	wet
y	j	yawn
z	z	zoo
zh	ʒ	casual

Phonetics

Veda uses [ǝ] as a phoneme, with equal status to all the other vowels. It also features word-initial [ŋ].

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal		m	n	(ny [ɲ])	ng [ŋ]
Plosive	voiceless	p	t, ts	ch [tʃ]	k	q
	voiced	b	d, dz	j [dʒ]	g
Fricative	voiceless	f	s	sh [ʃ]	kh [x~χ]
	voiced	v	z	zh [ʒ]	gh [ɣ~ʁ]
Tap			r [ɾ]
Approximant		w	l	y [j]

Vowels

Veda has 6 phonetically distinct vowels:

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	e	ǝ [ǝ]	o
Open		a

Diphthongs

Veda has two diphthongs: yu and wi.

Phonotactics

Most of Veda's roots are monosyllabic. Syllables are (C)V(C), although an unwritten non-phonemic glottal stop is added before a non-close word-initial vowel and ǝ does not appear word-initially. Syllables may start with any consonant, but cannot end with a semivowel or a palatal consonant.