Appendix:Zemeni pronunciation: Difference between revisions
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{{LangBar|Zemeni|Shadow and Bone}} | {{LangBar|Zemeni|Shadow and Bone}} | ||
Zemeni has | Zemeni has 25 consonants, 5 vowels and 2 glides. | ||
== Standard Romanization == | == Standard Romanization == | ||
| Line 75: | Line 75: | ||
| x | | x | ||
| lo'''ch''' (''Scottish English'') | | lo'''ch''' (''Scottish English'') | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 118: | Line 113: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''r''' | | '''r''' | ||
| | | ɾ | ||
| | | ba'''tt'''le | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''ry''' | | '''ry''' | ||
| | | ɾʲ | ||
| me'''di'''um | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''s''' | | '''s''' | ||
| Line 180: | Line 175: | ||
'''Notes''': | '''Notes''': | ||
* ''Geminates'': To pronounce a geminate consonant, simply pronounce it twice. They are written by doubling the consonant letter. In the case of digraphs, only the first letter of the digraph is doubled. | * ''Geminates'': To pronounce a geminate consonant, simply pronounce it twice. They are written by doubling the consonant letter. In the case of digraphs, only the first letter of the digraph is doubled. | ||
* ''Stress'': When stress is not penultimate, it is marked with an acute accent over the stressed vowel. | |||
== Phonetics == | == Phonetics == | ||
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=== Consonants === | === Consonants === | ||
Zemeni has | Zemeni has 25 phonemic consonants and 2 phonemic glides: | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
! colspan=2 | | ! colspan=2 | | ||
! Labial !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal | ! Labial !! Alveolar !! Post-alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | Nasal | ! colspan=2 | Nasal | ||
| m || n || ny [ɲ] || (ng [ŋ]) || | | m || n || || ny [ɲ] || (ng [ŋ]) || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Stop !! <small>voiceless</small> | ! rowspan=2 | Stop !! <small>voiceless</small> | ||
| p || t || | | p || t || || || k || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small>voiced</small> | ! <small>voiced</small> | ||
| b || d || || g || | | b || d || || || g || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Affricate !! <small>voiceless</small> | ! rowspan=2 | Affricate !! <small>voiceless</small> | ||
| || ts || ch [tʃ] || | | || ts || ch [tʃ] || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small>voiced</small> | ! <small>voiced</small> | ||
| || dz || j [dʒ] || || | | || dz || j [dʒ] || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Fricative !! <small>voiceless</small> | ! rowspan=2 | Fricative !! <small>voiceless</small> | ||
| f || s || sh [ʃ] || kh [x] || h | | f || s || sh [ʃ] || || kh [x] || h | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small>voiced</small> | ! <small>voiced</small> | ||
| v || z || zh [ʒ] || || | | v || z || zh [ʒ] || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | Approximant | ! colspan=2 | Approximant | ||
| w || || y [j] || || | | w || || || y [j] || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | Lateral | ! colspan=2 | Lateral | ||
| || l || ly [ʎ] || || | | || l || || ly [ʎ] || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | | ! colspan=2 | Tap | ||
| || r || ry || || | | || r [ɾ] || || ry [ɾʲ] || || | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== Stress === | |||
Zemeni words are generally stressed on their penultimate syllable. | |||
[[Category:Pronunciation by language]] | [[Category:Pronunciation by language]] | ||
[[Category:Zemeni language|Pronunciation]] | [[Category:Zemeni language|Pronunciation]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:52, 22 August 2024
Zemeni has 25 consonants, 5 vowels and 2 glides.
Standard Romanization
| Letter | IPA | English example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | a | father | |
| b | b | bath | |
| ch | tʃ | watch | |
| d | d | dog | |
| dz | dz | adze | |
| e | e | bait | |
| f | f | food | |
| g | ɡ | good | |
| h | h | ham | |
| i | i | machine | |
| j | dʒ | jog | |
| k | k | skill | |
| kh | x | loch (Scottish English) | |
| l | l | left | |
| ly | ʎ | million | |
| m | m | man | |
| n | n | no | Assimilates to a following velar consonant. |
| ny | ɲ | onion | |
| o | o | moat | |
| p | p | span | |
| r | ɾ | battle | |
| ry | ɾʲ | medium | |
| s | s | see | |
| sh | ʃ | sheep | |
| t | t | stop | |
| ts | ts | pits | |
| u | u | rude | |
| v | v | voice | |
| w | w | wet | |
| y | j | young | |
| z | z | zone | |
| zh | ʒ | casual |
Notes:
- Geminates: To pronounce a geminate consonant, simply pronounce it twice. They are written by doubling the consonant letter. In the case of digraphs, only the first letter of the digraph is doubled.
- Stress: When stress is not penultimate, it is marked with an acute accent over the stressed vowel.
Phonetics
Consonants
Zemeni has 25 phonemic consonants and 2 phonemic glides:
| Labial | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ny [ɲ] | (ng [ŋ]) | |||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | k | |||
| voiced | b | d | g | ||||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts | ch [tʃ] | ||||
| voiced | dz | j [dʒ] | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | sh [ʃ] | kh [x] | h | |
| voiced | v | z | zh [ʒ] | ||||
| Approximant | w | y [j] | |||||
| Lateral | l | ly [ʎ] | |||||
| Tap | r [ɾ] | ry [ɾʲ] | |||||
Vowels
Zemeni has five phonemic vowels:
| Front | Mid | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
Stress
Zemeni words are generally stressed on their penultimate syllable.