Appendix:Azrán pronunciation
The Azrán language has 23 consonants, 5 vowels, and 2 glides.
Standard Romanization
| Letter | IPA | English example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | a | father | |
| b | b | bog | |
| ch | tʃ | chunk | |
| d | d | dog | A dental pronunciation. |
| e | e | bait | |
| f | f | food | |
| g | g | good | |
| gh | ɣ | Like a voiced version of the ch in German Buch. | |
| i | i | beet | |
| j | dʒ | jog | |
| k | k | skill | |
| kh | x | Like the ch in German Buch. | |
| l | l | left | |
| m | m | man | |
| n | n | no | |
| ng | ŋ | sing | |
| ny | ɲ | minion | |
| o | o | coat | |
| p | p | span | |
| r | r | Spanish perro | A nice trilled r. |
| s | s | see | |
| t | t | stop | A dental pronunciation. |
| u | u | rude | |
| v | v | voice | |
| w | w | wet | |
| y | j | yawn | |
| z | z | zoo | |
| zh | ʒ | azure |
Phonetics
Azrán has phonemic tone and long vowels.
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m [m] | n [n] | ny [ɲ] | ng [ŋ] | ||
| Plosive | voiceless | p [p] | t [t] | ch [tʃ] | k [k] | |
| voiced | b [b] | d [d] | j [dʒ] | g [ɡ] | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f [f] | s [s] | kh [x] | ||
| voiced | v [v] | z [z] | zh [ʒ] | gh [ɣ] | ||
| Lateral | l [l] | |||||
| Approximant | w [w] | r [r] | y [j] | |||
Vowels
Azrán has 5 phonetically distinct vowels in two lengths:
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i [i], ii [iː] | u [u], uu [uː] | |
| Mid | e [e], ee [eː] | o [o], oo [oː] | |
| Open | a [a], aa [aː] |
Tone
Azrán has two tone levels—high and low—and three tone melodies: high, low, and falling. The tones are indicated in the romanization in the following ways (using the vowel a as an example):
- High Tone: á (acute accent)
- Low Tone: a (no accent)
- Falling Tone: â (circumflex accent)