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| Sandbox | | Sandbox |
| A work in progress. All information is from an analysis of existing lexicon.
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| =Forming Nouns=
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| ==From a Noun==
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| ===Augmentative Noun===
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| An augmentative noun enhances and intensifies the concept conveyed through the word. There exist three suffixes that may form augmentative nouns from nouns: ''-io'', ''-albar'', and ''-āzma''.
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| Observations:
| | Articles contributed: |
| # Judging from the word family ''nopon'' (hole, pit), ''nopalbar'' (cave), and ''nopāzma'' (hell), ''-āzma'' may exceed ''-albar'' in augmentation.
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| # A 3aq noun ending in ''-or'' has the ''o'' deleted and the ''r'' retained.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| | [[User:Aegon/Word_Derivation|Word Derivation]] |
| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-io''
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| | kēli || cat || kēlio || lion
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-āzma''
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| | bantis || night || bantāzma || long night, midnight or the darkest part of the night
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-āzma''
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| | brāedion || copper || brāedāzma || bronze
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-āzma''
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| | jelmio || wind || jelmāzma || storm, violent wind
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-āzma''
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| | nopon || pit, hole || nopāzma || hell
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-āzma''
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| | nūmo || seed || nūmāzma || meaning, essence, the truth of it
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-albar''
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| | egros || edge, blade, sword || egralbar || spear
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-albar''
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| | geltion || roof || geltialbar || meeting place, gathering place, exhibition hall
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-albar''
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| | geron || path, walk, walkway || geralbar || road, street, way, thoroughfare (ready and ample)
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-albar''
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| | nopon || hole, pit || nopalbar || cave
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | 3aq
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| | jūlor || milk || jūlrāzma || cheese
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| |}
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| | [[User:Aegon/HV_FAQ|High Valyrian Frequently Asked Questions]] |
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| ==From an Adjective==
| | [[User:Aegon/Practice|Practice]] |
| ===Abstract Nouns===
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| Form abstract nouns that have the English meaning of ''-ness'' from adjectives. Class I uses the suffix ''-āves'', Class II uses ''-ves'', and Class III uses ''-ives''.
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| Observations:
| | [[User:Aegon/High_Valyrian_Tutorial|High Valyrian Tutorial]] |
| # For roots of Class II adjectives ending in ''-n'', replace ''-n'' with ''-m''.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| | [[Telltale_Game_of_Thrones_Game_Dialogue|Telltale Dialogue]] |
| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class I
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| | dobotēda || ignorant, untutored, clumsy || dobotēdāves || ignorance
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class I
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| | gīda || equal, even, steady, stable || gīdaves|| equality
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class I
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| | nākostōba || weak || nākostōbāves || weakness
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class I
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| | qrinuntenka || hostile, villainous, antagonistic || qrinuntenkāves || antagonism
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class II
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| | biare || fortunate, lucky, happy || biarves || happiness, jubilation, luck, fortune
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class II
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| | dāerior || free || dāerves || freedom, liberty
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class III
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| | eglie || high, superior, good || eglives || Highness, height; grace, a title of respect for a ruler
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Class III
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| | gevie || beautiful || gevives || beauty
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-n'' root
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| | bāne || something that feels hot || bāmves || heat emanating or radiating off of or from something
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-n'' root
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| | kirine || happy || kirimves || joy
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| |}
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| ==From a Verb==
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| ===Action Nouns===
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| The suffix ''-non'' forms action nouns from verbs. In general, c-fin verbs have ''-agon'' replaced with ''-non'' and v-fin verbs retain the final vowel to which ''-non'' is added.
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| Observations:
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| # For verbs ending in ''-jagon'', the stem ends before the ''j''.
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| # For verbs ending in ''-ēbagon'', the stem ends with ''-en''.
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| # For stems ending in ''-ñ'', ''-b'', or ''-l'', replace this consonant with ''-n''.
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| # For stems ending in ''-s'', replace this consonant with ''-z''.
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| | |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | ērinagon || to win || ērinnon || victory
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | vaoresagon || to prefer, to favor, to like || vaoreznon || favor
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | iotāptegon || to respect || iotāptenon || respect
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | dakogon || to run || dakonon || running
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-jagon''
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| | gierūljagon || to gather, assemble || gierūlnon || assembly, gathering, crowd
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ēbagon''
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| | iderēbagon|| to choose, to decide || iderennon || choice, decision
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| |}
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| | |
| ===Agent Nouns===
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| To form agent nouns associated with the one performing a verb, generally use the suffixes ''-kio'' for v-fin and ''-io'' for c-fin. V-fin verbs will retain the final vowel in the root.
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| Observations:
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| # For v-fin verbs with the ending ''-ligon'', the root ends in ''-l''.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | kȳvagon || to plan || kȳvakio || strategist
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | laodigon || to steal || laodikio || their, robber, plunderer
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | qrimpālegon || to betray, double-cross || qrimpālekio || traitor, turncoat, double-crosser
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | sētegon || to smith, to forge || sētekio || smith, forger
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | kaerīnagon || to save, to deliver || kaerīnio || savior
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | kostagon || to be able to, can, may || kostio || hero, champion
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | lioragon || to sell || liorio || seller, monger, purveyor
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | mīsagon || to protect, defend || mīsio || protector
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | sytiotāpagon || to advise, counsel || sytiotāpio || advisor
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ligon''
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| | judligon || to respond to, answer || judlio || archon
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| |}
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| ===Implement Nouns===
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| The suffix ''-vos'' forms implement nouns from verbs. Only c-fin verbs attested to; to them, replace ''-agon'' with ''-vos''.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | hepagon ||to climb, to ascend || hepvos || ladder, stairs, staircase
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | mīsagon || to protect, to defend || mīsvos || armor
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | ohīlagon || to stab || ohīlvos || dagger, knife
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | qrimbrōzagon || to curse || qrimbrōzvos || curse
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | zgiēñemagon || to cure, to treat, to heal of things || zgiēñemvos || cure, medicine, treatment
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| |}
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| | |
| ===Event Nouns===
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| The suffix ''-nes'' forms event nouns from verbs. In general, c-fin verbs have ''-agon'' replaced with ''-nes'' and v-fin verbs retain the final vowel to which ''-nes'' is added.
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| Observations:
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| # For verbs ending in ''-ēbagon'', the stem ends with ''-en''.
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| | |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | dakogon || to run || dakones || race
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | iderēbagon || to choose, to decide || iderennes || trial
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | rhovagon || to make a loud noise || rhovnes || auction
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| |-
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| |}
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| ===Evidence Nouns===
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| The suffix ''-arys'' forms nouns that indicate the evidence of a verb. In general, c-fin verbs have ''-agon'' replaced with ''-arys''. V-fin verbs retain the final vowel and drop the ''a'' in ''-arys'' such that ''-rys'' is added.
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| | |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | ēdrugon || to sleep || ēdrurys || dream
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | massigon || to happen || massirys || the present
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | sētegon || to make, to form, to shape || sēterys || form, shape
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | heghagon || to slaughter || hegharys || carcass of an animal
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | jaelagon || to want, to wish, to hope || jaelarys || hope
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | rūnagon || to remember || rūnarys || nostalgia, reverie, trauma
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| |}
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| ==From a Noun or Verb==
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| ===Diminutive Nouns===
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| Diminutive nouns shrink the concept conveyed through a word into a smaller version. There exist three diminutive suffixes: ''-ītsos'', ''-iapos'', and ''-anna''.
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| Observations:
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| # ''-ītsos'' only forms nouns from nouns; ''-iapos'' and ''-anna'' may form nouns from verbs.
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| # ''-ītsos'' seems to indicate the smaller version of a noun.
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| # ''-iapos'' seems to form articles of clothing and consumable items associated with a verb.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ītsos''
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| | kēli || cat || kelītsos || little cat, kitty
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ītsos''
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| | naejon || front, torso || naejītsos || forehead
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ītsos''
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| | perzys || fire, flame || perzītsos || little flame
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ītsos''
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| | riña || girl, child || riñītsos || little child, little girl
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ītsos''
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| | qēlos || star || qēlītsos || candle
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ītsos''
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| | zokla || wolf || zoklītsos || little wolf
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-iapos''
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| | gēlion || silver || gēliapos || silver coin
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-iapos''
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| | grevion || waist, circumfrence || greviapos || belt
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-iapos''
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| | laodigon || to steal, abduct || laodiapos || mask
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-iapos''
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| | parklon || meat || parkliapos || burger
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-iapos''
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| | rūnagon || to remember || rūniapos || letter, note
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-anna''
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| | bartos || head || bartanna || skull
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-anna''
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| | ziksos || neck, scalp || ziksanna || hat, cap
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-anna''
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| | soljagon || to sail || soljanna || rudder
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| |}
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| | |
| ===Side-Product Nouns===
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| Side-Product nouns indicate an indirect concept associated with a word. Most end in the suffix ''-illa''; however, ''-īlla'' and ''-ella'' may occur in special cases.
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| Observations:
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| # For verbs ending with ''uragon'', use the suffix ''-īlla''.
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| # For stems ending in ''-ē'', remove the macron and add an ''l'' to the root.
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| # For verbs ending in ''-egon'', retain the ''e'' and add a ''t'' after or use the suffix ''-ella''.
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| # A 3aq noun ending in ''-or'' has the ''o'' deleted and the ''r'' retained.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | āro || barley || ārilla || beer
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | avero || grape || averilla || wine
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | grozion || trench, ditch, furrow || grozilla || boundary, border, bound, limit
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | kostion || power, might, ability || kostilla || value, worth, cost, importance
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | pungos || nose || pungilla || nostril
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | mazumbagon || to settle down || mazumbilla || Nest, roost, in general, the area around the place one has settled in
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | tepagon || to give || tepilla || mercy
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | verdagon || to arrange, make a decision || verdilla || framework
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | 3aq
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| | sȳndor || shadow || sȳndrilla || color
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-uragon''
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| | qlādīlluragon || to put stripes on || qlādīlla || stripe, strip, ray, bar
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-egon''
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| | rakegon || to take part in || rakella || experience (a specific experience)
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-egon''
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| | pālegon || to turn, twist, rotate || pāletilla || crown
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-ē'' root
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| | ēs || bee || elilla || honey
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| |}
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| | |
| ==From a Verb, Adjective, or Noun==
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| ===Profession Nouns===
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| Profession nouns may be formed from other nouns, verbs, or adjective and may end with the suffixes ''-tys'', ''-rys'', or ''-dys''.
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| Observations:
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| # For v-fin verbs, the suffix ''-tys'' changes to ''-rys''.
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| # For verbs ending in ''-emagon'', this suffix is dropped from the root.
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| # For verbs ending in ''-jagon'', retain the ''a'' as the last letter in the root.
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| # If the root ends in ''-gh'', change the final consonant in the root to ''-d'' and lengthen the preceding vowel.
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| # If the root ends in ''-d'' drop this consonant.
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| # If the root ends in ''-mb'', change ''-m'' to ''-n'' and drop the ''b''
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| # If the root ends in ''-b'', change it to ''-p''.
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| | |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| |
| ! colspan="2" |
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| ! Word
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Derived Noun
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| ! Derived Noun Meaning
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Adjective
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| | qana || sharp || qantys || crab
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | sēnagon || to kill || sēntys || killer, slayer
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | tepagon || to give || teptys || teacher, instructor, mentor
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | arghugon || to hunt|| arghurys || hunter
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | jurnegon || to look at, regard, examine || jurnerys || watch, sentry
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-gh'' root
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| | heghagon || to slaughter, to prepare food || hēdys || butcher
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-d'' root
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| | azandy || short sword, sword || azantys || knight, soldier, warrior
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-mb'' root
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| | qrinumbagon || to occupy, to antagonize || qrinuntys || occupier, enemy, villain, foe
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-b'' root
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| | quba || low, poor, inferior, bad || quptys || heathen, pagan, infidel
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-emagon''
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| | vokemagon || to purify || voktys || priest, priestess
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | ''-jagon''
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| | pryjagon || to destroy, break, strike off || pryjatys || destroyer, breaker
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| |}
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| | |
| ===Place Names===
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| Form nouns representing the place a verb occurs in general using the suffixes ''-ion'' for c-fin verbs and ''-lion'' for v-fin verbs where the final vowel is retained in the new noun. Form them from nouns or adjectives using the suffix ''-urlion''.
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| | |
| Observations:
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| # A root ending of ''-b'' uses the suffix ''-lion''; a root ending of -''āb'' uses the suffix ''-ion''.
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| | |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| |
| ! colspan="2" |
| |
| ! Word
| |
| ! Meaning
| |
| ! Derived Noun
| |
| ! Derived Noun Meaning
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | Adjective
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| | gevie || beautiful || gevurlion || park
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | ārilla || beer || ārillurlion || tavern
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
| |
| | laes || eye || laehurlion || face
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
| |
| | zentys || guest || zenturlion || inn, hotel
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | Noun
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| | zgiēñemvos || cure, medicine, treatment || zgiēñemvurlion || apothecary, pharmacy
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | īligon || to cross, to crossover || īlilion || crossing, crossroads
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | sētegon || to smith, to forge || sētelion || forge, smithy, works
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | V-fin
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| | sindigon || to buy || sindilion || market, marketplace
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" | C-fin
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| | jiōragon || to welcome, accept, recieve || jiōrion || reception hall, receiving room, audience chamber
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| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | ''-b'' root
| |
| | rijībagon || to praise, worship, obey || rijīblion || temple, church
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | ''-āb'' root
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| | rāenābagon || to clean, wash off || rāenābion || bathroom
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
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