User:Aegon/High Valyrian Tutorial/3-2

Lesson 2| Participles and Infinitives

Participles

Participles derive from verbs and function like adjectives. In English, there exist two forms: the present participle that ends in '-ing,' and the past participle that ends in '-ed.' High Valyrian has eight participle forms for the active present, aorist, future, and past habitual; and for the passive aorist, future, perfect, and past habitual.

We begin with the forms common to English.

The Present Participle

Consonant final verbs form the active present participle thusly; √-are, where √ is the verbal stem.

Vowel final verbs form the active present participle thusly; √-M-re, where √ is the verbal stem and M is the theme vowel.

The Past Participle

In High Valyrian, the past participle is easy to form. Simply add -a to a perfect verbal stem, or as an expression: √_P-a.