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=Lesson 2| Participles and Infinitives= | =Lesson 2| Participles and Infinitives= | ||
==Participles== | ==Participles== | ||
'''Participles''' derive from verbs and function like adjectives. In English, there exist two forms: the '''present participle''' that ends in '-ing,' and the '''past participle''' that ends in '-ed.' | '''Participles''' derive from verbs and function like adjectives. In English, there exist two forms: the '''present participle''' that ends in '-ing,' and the '''past participle''' that ends in '-ed.' High Valyrian has eight participle forms for the active present, aorist, future, and past habitual; and for the passive aorist, future, perfect, and past habitual. | ||
We begin with the forms common to English. | |||
===The Present Participle=== | |||
Consonant final verbs form the active present participle thusly; √-are, where ''√'' is the verbal stem. | |||
Vowel final verbs form the active present participle thusly; √-M-re, where ''√'' is the verbal stem and ''M'' is the theme vowel. | |||
===The Past Participle=== | |||
In High Valyrian, the past participle is easy to form. Simply add ''-a'' to a perfect verbal stem like √<sub>P</sub>-a. | |||
Revision as of 17:27, 20 November 2021
Lesson 2| Participles and Infinitives
Participles
Participles derive from verbs and function like adjectives. In English, there exist two forms: the present participle that ends in '-ing,' and the past participle that ends in '-ed.' High Valyrian has eight participle forms for the active present, aorist, future, and past habitual; and for the passive aorist, future, perfect, and past habitual.
We begin with the forms common to English.
The Present Participle
Consonant final verbs form the active present participle thusly; √-are, where √ is the verbal stem.
Vowel final verbs form the active present participle thusly; √-M-re, where √ is the verbal stem and M is the theme vowel.
The Past Participle
In High Valyrian, the past participle is easy to form. Simply add -a to a perfect verbal stem like √P-a.