User:Aegon/High Valyrian Tutorial/2-6: Difference between revisions
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The future is used to make projections about what is to come as well as to commit the speaker to certain actions. In English, the High Valyrian future may be expressed like 'is going to,' 'will,' or 'shall.' | The future is used to make projections about what is to come as well as to commit the speaker to certain actions. In English, the High Valyrian future may be expressed like 'is going to,' 'will,' or 'shall.' | ||
===Consonant Final Verbs=== | ===Consonant Final Verbs=== | ||
Below shows the | Below shows the future conjugation of ''maghagon''. All consonant final verbs share these personal endings. The palatals, 'lj' and 'ñ,' ''depalatalize'' before any ending that begins with 'i' or a consonant; all future endings begin in 'i' so 'lj' always becomes 'l,' and 'ñ,' always becomes 'n.' | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| √-M-lzi | | √-M-lzi | ||
| third person plural | |||
|} | |||
==The Future Subjunctive== | |||
The future subjunctive, like the subjunctive, indicates uncertainty and may be used in negation statements. | |||
===Consonant Final Verbs=== | |||
Below shows the future subjunctive conjugation of ''maghagon''. All consonant final verbs share these personal endings. The palatals, 'lj' and 'ñ,' ''depalatalize'' before any ending that begins with 'i' or a consonant; again, all future subjunctive endings begin in 'i' so 'lj' always becomes 'l,' and 'ñ,' always becomes 'n.' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
| magh-ilun | |||
| I shall carry | |||
| first person singular | |||
|- | |||
| magh-ilū | |||
| you will carry | |||
| second person singular | |||
|- | |||
| magh-ilus | |||
| he, she, it is is going to carry | |||
| third person singular | |||
|- | |||
| magh-iluty | |||
| we shall carry | |||
| first person plural | |||
|- | |||
| magh-ilūt | |||
| you (all) will carry | |||
| second person plural | |||
|- | |||
| magh-ilusy | |||
| they are going to carry | |||
| third person plural | |||
|} | |||
===Vowel Final Verbs=== | |||
Vowel final verb forms also have two forms in the future subjunctive. These are similar to the consonant final verbs except that the 'i' becomes either 'ē' or 'ī'. The future subjunctive is formed from the verbal stem plus the theme vowel change, M, plus the personal ending. They stick to their theme vowel and have an identical personal ending to consonant final verbs. In the generic conjugation below, ''√'' is the verb stem and ''M'' is the theme vowel change. | |||
For ''-agon'' and ''-ogon'', M=''ē''. | |||
For ''-egon'', ''-igon'', and ''-ugon'', M=''ī''. | |||
{| class="wikitable" border="1" | |||
|- | |||
| √-M-lun | |||
| first person singular | |||
|- | |||
| √-M-lū | |||
| second person singular | |||
|- | |||
| √-M-lus | |||
| third person singular | |||
|- | |||
| √-M-luty | |||
| first person plural | |||
|- | |||
| √-M-lūt | |||
| second person plural | |||
|- | |||
| √-M-lusy | |||
| third person plural | | third person plural | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 09:36, 31 October 2021
Lesson 6| The Future
The Future
The future is used to make projections about what is to come as well as to commit the speaker to certain actions. In English, the High Valyrian future may be expressed like 'is going to,' 'will,' or 'shall.'
Consonant Final Verbs
Below shows the future conjugation of maghagon. All consonant final verbs share these personal endings. The palatals, 'lj' and 'ñ,' depalatalize before any ending that begins with 'i' or a consonant; all future endings begin in 'i' so 'lj' always becomes 'l,' and 'ñ,' always becomes 'n.'
| magh-inna | I shall carry | first person singular |
| magh-ilā | you will carry | second person singular |
| magh-ilza | he, she, it is is going to carry | third person singular |
| magh-ili | we shall carry | first person plural |
| magh-ilāt | you (all) will carry | second person plural |
| magh-ilzi | they are going to carry | third person plural |
Vowel Final Verbs
There are also five vowel final verb forms that have two forms in the future. These are similar to the consonant final verbs except that the 'i' becomes either 'ē' or 'ī'. The future is formed from the verbal stem plus the theme vowel change, M, plus the personal ending. They stick to their theme vowel and have an identical personal ending to consonant final verbs. In the generic conjugation below, √ is the verb stem and M is the theme vowel change.
For -agon and -ogon, M=ē.
For -egon, -igon, and -ugon, M=ī.
| √-M-nna | first person singular |
| √-M-lā | second person singular |
| √-M-lza | third person singular |
| √-M-li | first person plural |
| √-M-lāt | second person plural |
| √-M-lzi | third person plural |
The Future Subjunctive
The future subjunctive, like the subjunctive, indicates uncertainty and may be used in negation statements.
Consonant Final Verbs
Below shows the future subjunctive conjugation of maghagon. All consonant final verbs share these personal endings. The palatals, 'lj' and 'ñ,' depalatalize before any ending that begins with 'i' or a consonant; again, all future subjunctive endings begin in 'i' so 'lj' always becomes 'l,' and 'ñ,' always becomes 'n.'
| magh-ilun | I shall carry | first person singular |
| magh-ilū | you will carry | second person singular |
| magh-ilus | he, she, it is is going to carry | third person singular |
| magh-iluty | we shall carry | first person plural |
| magh-ilūt | you (all) will carry | second person plural |
| magh-ilusy | they are going to carry | third person plural |
Vowel Final Verbs
Vowel final verb forms also have two forms in the future subjunctive. These are similar to the consonant final verbs except that the 'i' becomes either 'ē' or 'ī'. The future subjunctive is formed from the verbal stem plus the theme vowel change, M, plus the personal ending. They stick to their theme vowel and have an identical personal ending to consonant final verbs. In the generic conjugation below, √ is the verb stem and M is the theme vowel change.
For -agon and -ogon, M=ē.
For -egon, -igon, and -ugon, M=ī.
| √-M-lun | first person singular |
| √-M-lū | second person singular |
| √-M-lus | third person singular |
| √-M-luty | first person plural |
| √-M-lūt | second person plural |
| √-M-lusy | third person plural |