Appendix:Meereenese Valyrian pronunciation

The Meereenese Valyrian language has 26 consonants, 6 vowels, and 2 glides.

Standard Romanization

Letter	IPA	English example	Notes
a	a	father or sofa	The lax pronunciation occurs in unstressed position.
b	b	bog
ch	tʃ	chop
d	d	dog
dh	ð	then
e	e	bait
f	f	food
g	g	good
gh	ɣ~ʁ	-	Like Arabic gh in maghrab.
i	i	beet
j	ʒ	azure
k	k	skill
kh	x~χ	-	Like German ch in Buch.
l	l	left
ly	ʎ	million
m	m	man
n	n	no
ng	ŋ	sing	Can occur word-initially.
ny	ɲ	New York (certain pronunciations)	Like Spanish ñ in niña.
o	o	coat
p	p	span
q	q	-	Like a [k] but further back in the mouth.
r	ɾ	battle
s	s	see
sh	ʃ	sheep
t	t	stop
th	θ	thread
u	u	rude
v	v	voice
w	w	wet
y	j	yawn
z	z	zoo

Phonetics

Meereenese Valyrian sounds like Astapori Valyrian spoken without teeth or sleep. It's a weird one.

Consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal		m [m]	n [n]		ny [ɲ]	ng [ŋ]
Plosive	voiceless	p [p]		t [t]	ch [tʃ]	k [k]	q [q]
	voiced	b [b]		d [d]		g [g]
Fricative	voiceless	f [f]	th [θ]	s [s]	sh [ʃ]	kh [x~χ]
	voiced	v [v]	dh [ð]	z [z]	zh [ʒ]	gh [ɣ~ʁ]
Lateral				l [l]
Approximant		w [w]		r [ɾ]	y [j]

Vowels

Veda has 6 phonetically distinct vowels:

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i [i]		u [u]
Mid	e [e]	ǝ [ǝ]	o [o]
Open		a [a]